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Woodsworth img/p-woodsworth.jpg The original uploader was Adam Carr at English Wikipedia. · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ac.woodsworth.jpg Jack Layton img/p-layton.jpg Matt Jiggins · CC BY 2.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Layton_winnipeg_rally.JPG Jacques Cartier img/p-cartier.jpg Théophile Hamel / After François Nicholas Riss · CC BY-SA 4.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jacques_Cartier_1851-1852.jpg Jacques Parizeau img/p-parizeau.jpg Unknown author · CC BY-SA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jacques_Parizeau_BAnQ_P243S1D5069.jpg James Douglas img/p-douglas-james.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_James_Douglas.jpg James Wolfe img/p-wolfe.jpg Attributed to Joseph Highmore · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Wolfe.jpeg Japanese Canadian internment img/e-internment.jpg Shigetaka Sasaki collection · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Celebrating_kagami_biraki_at_Tashme_Internment_Camp_-_1945.png Japanese Canadian redress img/e-redress.jpg Shigetaka Sasaki collection · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Celebrating_kagami_biraki_at_Tashme_Internment_Camp_-_1945.png Jean Chrétien img/p-chretien.jpg Ralph Alswang · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien_1993.jpg Jean Drapeau img/p-drapeau.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jean_Drapeau,_1954.jpg Jean Lesage img/p-lesage.jpg Unknown author · CC0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jean_Lesage_(premier_of_Quebec).jpg Jeanne Mance img/p-mance.jpg Sculpture : Louis-Philippe Hébert / Photo : Jeangagnon · CC BY-SA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:JeanneManceHotelDieu.jpg Jeanne Sauvé img/p-sauve.jpg White House Television Office · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jeanne_Sauv%C3%A9_at_Rideau_Hall_during_visit_of_Ronald_Reagan_April_1987.jpg Joe Clark img/p-clark.jpg United Press International · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Joe_Clark_being_interviewed_1979_crop.jpg Joey Smallwood img/p-smallwood.jpg National Film Board of Canada. 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B. Bennett img/p-bennett.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Richard_Bedford_Bennett_(cropped).jpg René Lévesque img/p-levesque.jpg Harvey Majo · CC BY-SA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ren%C3%A9_L%C3%A9vesque_BAnQ_P243S1D865_(cropped).jpg Riel is hanged img/e-rielhanged.jpg I. Bennetto & Co. · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Louis_Riel.jpg Robert Baldwin img/p-baldwin.jpg Miscellaneous Collection/Library and Archives Canada/C-031493 · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:RobertBaldwin23.jpg Robert Borden img/p-borden.jpg Dupras & Colas · CC BY 2.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_Robert_Borden,_in_the_1910%E2%80%99s_Sir_Robert_Borden,_dans_les_ann%C3%A9es_1910_(7196134714).jpg Roberta Bondar img/p-bondar.jpg JSC/NASA · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Roberta_Bondar2.jpg Samuel Leonard Tilley img/p-tilley.jpg William Notman · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Samuel_Leonard_Tilley_1864.jpg Samuel de Champlain img/p-champlain.jpg Samuel de Champlain · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Samchamprifle.jpg Sandford Fleming img/p-fleming.jpg John Wycliffe Lowes Forster · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_Sandford_Fleming.jpg Second Ypres img/e-ypres.jpg Unknown authorUnknown author - Author wrote the Story but he used a… · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:RJB18_%E2%80%93_Ypernbogen.jpg Seven Oaks img/e-sevenoaks.jpg Charles William Jefferys · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Fight_at_Seven_Oaks.jpg Sidney Crosby img/p-crosby.jpg Michael Miller · CC BY-SA 4.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sidney_Crosby_2019-01-06_1.jpg Stephen Harper img/p-sharper.jpg World Economic Forum / Remy Steinegger · CC BY-SA 2.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stephen_Harper_by_Remy_Steinegger_Infobox.jpg Swissair 111 img/e-swissair.jpg Trevor MacInnis at English Wikipedia · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Swissair_111_debris.jpg Tecumseh img/p-tecumseh.jpg attributed to Owen Staples (1866–1949), based on the engraving publ… · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tecumseh02_(cropped).jpg The 2023 wildfire season img/e-wildfires2023.jpg Pierre Markuse · CC BY 2.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Massive_fires_in_Qu%C3%A9bec,_Canada_(Lat-_53_33,_Lng-_-76_11)_-_28_June_2023_(53013814798)_(cropped).jpg The Act Against Slavery img/e-slavery1793.jpg Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:An_Act_Against_Slavery.jpg The Alaska boundary award img/e-alaskaboundary.jpg William R. Shepherd, User:AnonMoos, Rudyologist · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alaska_boundary_dispute.jpg The American invasion of Quebec img/e-quebec1775.jpg John Trumbull · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Death_of_General_Montgomery_in_the_Attack_on_Quebec_December_31_1775.jpeg The Battle of Kapyong img/e-kapyong.jpg Phillip Oliver Hobson · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kapyong_South_Korea_1952_(AWM_HOBJ3147).jpg The CBC is founded img/e-cbc1936.jpg JK Liu · CC BY-SA 4.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Canadian_Broadcasting_Centre_2025-04-23.jpg The Calder decision img/e-calder.jpg Dig deeper · CC BY 4.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Supreme_court_of_Canada_in_summer.jpg The Charlottetown Conference img/e-charlottetown.jpg George P. Roberts · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Charlottetown_Conference_Delegates,_September_1864.JPG The Chinese Exclusion Act img/e-chineseexclusion.jpg Saffron Blaze · CC BY-SA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Centre_Block_-_Parliament_Hill.jpg The Chinese head tax img/e-headtax.jpg User Bourquie on en.wikipedia · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Head_Tax_Recipt.jpg The Confederation Bridge img/e-confedbridge.jpg Quintin Soloviev · CC BY 4.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Confederation_Bridge_aerial_view_(from_PEI_side).jpg The Dieppe Raid img/e-dieppe.jpg Jörgensen · CC BY-SA 3.0 de https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-362-2211-04,_Dieppe,_Landungsversuch,_englischer_Sp%C3%A4hpanzer.jpg The Dionne quintuplets img/e-dionne.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dionnequints1.jpg The Durham Report img/e-durham.jpg John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lambton_-_Durham_report_(page_3).jpg The Emergencies Act img/e-emergencies.jpg Maksim Sokolov · CC BY-SA 4.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Freedom_Convoy_2022,_Ottawa,_February_12_(39).jpg The Fort McMurray fire img/e-fortmac.jpg DarrenRD · CC BY-SA 4.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Landscape_view_of_wildfire_near_Highway_63_in_south_Fort_McMurray_(cropped).jpg The Fraser Canyon gold rush img/e-fraser.jpg Peter Winkworth · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BC-New_Eldorado.jpg The Gouzenko affair img/e-gouzenko.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Igor_Gouzenko_1946.jpg The Great Ice Storm img/e-icestorm.jpg J. Jensenius · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ice_Storm_98_trees_line_Noaa6198.jpg The Great Peace of Montreal img/e-greatpeace.jpg Secrétaire de Callière et autre main · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Grande_Paix_Montreal.jpg The Group of Seven exhibit img/e-groupofseven.jpg Arthur Goss · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Group-of-seven-artists.jpg The Halifax Explosion img/e-halifax.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Halifax_Explosion_blast_cloud_restored.jpg The Indian Act img/e-indianact.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Original_Canadian_parliament.jpg The James Bay Agreement img/e-jbnqa.jpg Moxy · CC BY-SA 4.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Transparentadicon.png The Komagata Maru img/e-komagata.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Komogata_Maru_LAC_a034014_1914.jpg The Last Spike img/e-lastspike.jpg Ross, Alexander, Best & Co., Winnipeg · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LastSpike_Craigellachie_BC_Canada.jpg The Lower Canada Rebellion img/e-rebellion-lc.jpg Lord Charles Beauclerk · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Saint-Eustache-Patriotes.jpg The MMIWG inquiry reports img/e-mmiwg.jpg Edna Winti · CC BY 2.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2016_366_277_-REDress_Project_(29473248523).jpg The National Film Board img/e-nfb.jpg Jeangagnon · CC BY-SA 4.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ilot_Balmoral_2020-05-18_-_10.jpg The North-West Resistance img/e-batoche.jpg Seargent Grundy · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Battle_of_Batoche_Print_by_Seargent_Grundy.jpg The Oka Crisis img/e-oka.jpg SamuelFreli · CC BY-SA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Crise_d%27Oka_-_SQ_et_forces_canadiennes.jpg The On-to-Ottawa Trek and Regina Riot img/e-ontoottawa.jpg The original uploader was Luigizanasi at English Wikipedia. · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kamloops_on_to_Ottawa.jpg The Persons Case img/e-persons.jpg Eugene M. Finn / National Film Board of Canada · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WLMK_unveiling_plaque_to_Valiant_Five.jpg The Plains of Abraham img/e-abraham.jpg Benjamin West · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_005.jpg The Quebec Conference img/e-quebecconf.jpg James Ashfield · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fathers_of_Confederation_LAC_c001855.jpg The Red River Resistance img/e-redriver.jpg Unknown authorUnknown author, believed to be Joseph Langevin.[3][4] · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ProvisionalMetisGovernment.jpg The Red River flood img/e-redriverflood.jpg Unknown author · CC BY-SA 2.5 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Redrivernorthmap.png The Rideau Canal opens img/e-rideau.jpg Bobak Ha'Eri · CC BY-SA 2.5 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rideau_Canal.jpg The Royal Proclamation img/e-proclamation.jpg King George III · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Royal_Proclamation_of_1763.jpg The Silver Dart flies img/e-silverdart.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AEA_Silver_Dart.jpg The Springhill mine bump img/e-springhill.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Springhill_Mine_2.jpg The St. Lawrence Seaway opens img/e-seaway.jpg 20px|link=User:Kcida10|Kcida10 Kcida10 (talk) (Uploads). · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:St_lawrence_seaway.jpeg The Stanley Cup is first awarded img/e-stanleycup.jpg Alex Goykhman · CC BY-SA 4.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stanley_Cup,_2015.jpg The Supreme Court becomes supreme img/e-supremecourt.jpg Moxy · CC BY-SA 4.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Transparentlawcanada.png The Treaty of Paris img/e-paris1763.jpg Gabagool · CC BY 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SevenYearsWar.png The Treaty of Utrecht img/e-utrecht.jpg The_Treaty_of_Utrecht.jpg: Original uploader was RedCoat10 at en.wi… · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Treaty_of_Utrecht_(clean).jpg The Truth and Reconciliation report img/e-trc.jpg Moxy · CC BY-SA 4.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Transparentadicon.png The Underground Railroad img/e-undergroundrr.jpg https://lccn.loc.gov/68003375 Siebert, Wilbur Henry, 1866-1961. The… · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Undergroundrailroadsmall2.jpg The Upper Canada Rebellion img/e-rebellion-uc.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Montgomery%27s_Tavern.jpg The War of 1812 ends img/e-ghent.jpg Amédée Forestier · CC0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Signing_of_the_Treaty_of_Ghent,_Christmas_Eve,_1814_SAAM-1922.5.2_1.jpg The Winnipeg General Strike img/e-winnipegstrike.jpg L.B. Foote · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WinnipegGeneralStrike.jpg The air training plan img/e-bcatp.jpg J.Klank · CC BY 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Harvard_t6_d-frcp.jpg The burning of parliament img/e-burning1849.jpg Attributed to Joseph Légaré · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Incendie_Parlement_Montreal.jpg The capitulation of Montreal img/e-montreal1760.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Capitulation_Montreal.jpg The conscription crisis img/e-conscription.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anti-conscription_parade_at_Victoria_Square.jpg The deportation of the Acadians img/e-deportation.jpg Thomas Davies · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_View_of_the_Plundering_and_Burning_of_the_City_of_Grymross,_by_Thomas_Davies,_1758.JPG The fall of Huronia img/e-huronia.jpg P199 · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:St_Marie_Hurons_1.jpg The fall of Louisbourg img/e-louisbourg.jpg Richard Paton · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vaisseaux_fran%C3%A7ais_en_feu_ou_captur%C3%A9s_au_si%C3%A8ge_de_Louisbourg_en_1758.jpg The first long-distance call img/e-bell.jpg Unknown author · CC0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alexander_Graham_Bell_1895_NPG_77_363.jpg The heat dome and Lytton img/e-lytton.jpg NASA Earth Observatory/Joshua Stevens · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WNA_Heat_Wave_Temp_Anomaly.jpg The liberation of the Netherlands img/e-netherlands.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rotterdam,_Laurenskerk,_na_bombardement_van_mei_1940.jpg The pandemic img/e-covid.jpg Indrid__Cold from Halifax, Canada · CC BY-SA 2.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Halifax,_Canada_-_Empty_shelves_with_no_toilet_paper.jpg The residential school system img/e-resschools.jpg BiblioArchives / LibraryArchives from Canada · CC BY 2.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Study_period_at_Roman_Catholic_Indian_Residential_School,_Fort_Resolution,_NWT_(14112957392).jpg The residential schools apology img/e-apology2008.jpg BiblioArchives / LibraryArchives from Canada · CC BY 2.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Study_period_at_Roman_Catholic_Indian_Residential_School,_Fort_Resolution,_NWT_(14112957392).jpg Thérèse Casgrain img/p-casgrain.jpg André Larose · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_Forget_Casgrain.png Tom Longboat img/p-longboat.jpg Charles Aylett · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:T_Longboat,_the_Canadian_runner_Standing_(HS85-10-18314).jpg Tom Thomson img/p-thomson.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:TomThomson23.jpg Ursula Franklin img/p-franklin-ursula.jpg Martin Franklin · CC BY 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ursula_Franklin_at_book_launch_crop.jpg Ville-Marie founded img/e-montreal.jpg Quintin Soloviev · CC BY 4.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Montreal,_Quebec_skyline.jpg Vimy Ridge img/e-vimy.jpg Richard Jack · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Richard_Jack-The_Taking_of_Vimy_Ridge_(CWM_19710261-0160).jpg Vincent Massey img/p-massey.jpg Gar Lunney · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Governor_General_Vincent_Massey_(cropped).jpg Viola Desmond img/p-desmond.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Viola_Desmond.jpg Wayne Gretzky img/p-gretzky.jpg Andre Forget - Andrew Scheer · CC0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Andrew_Scheer_with_Wayne_Gretzky_(48055697168)_(cropped).jpg Wilder Penfield img/p-penfield.jpg United States National Library of Medicine · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wilder_Graves_Penfield.jpg Wilfrid Laurier img/p-laurier.jpg William James Topley · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Honourable_Sir_Wilfrid_Laurier_Photo_A_(3x4_cropped).jpg William Cornelius Van Horne img/p-vanhorne.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:William_Cornelius_Van_Horne.jpg William Lyon Mackenzie img/p-wlmackenzie.jpg Unknown author · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WilliamLyonMackenzie.jpeg William Lyon Mackenzie King img/p-king.jpg Yousuf Karsh · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:William_Lyon_Mackenzie_King_1942_(cropped).jpg Women win the vote in Manitoba img/e-suffrage.jpg Archives of Manitoba, Still Images Section · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Presentation_of_petition_by_Political_Equality_League_for_enfranchisement_of_women,_Winnipeg,_23_December_1915.jpg École Polytechnique img/e-polytechnique.jpg Bobanny · Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mtl_dec6_plaque.jpg DATA Province boundaries: Statistics Canada boundary data via Code for Germany (click_that_hood), open licence. Historic treaty boundaries: Indigenous Services Canada, Open Government Licence – Canada. Election results: Elections Canada figures as compiled on Wikipedia (List of Canadian federal elections). Citizenship test facts: canada.ca (Study for the test; Eligibility).